Ecological education - an essential component in achieving sustainable development goals

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to highlight the critical role that ecological education plays in fostering environmental awareness, responsibility, and sustainable behavior among individuals from an early age. It also underscores the need for proactive and interdisciplinary approaches to environmental education to empower future generations to protect and preserve natural resources.

The methodology of the article is based on a qualitative, experiential approach, utilizing the eTwinning project “Earth friendly STEM+ A” as a practical model of ecological education applied in early childhood. The project was implemented with preschoolers and involved: Integrated thematic activities combining science, technology, engineering, arts, and mathematics (STEM+A) with environmental topics; Experiential learning methods such as outdoor exploration, hands-on ecological tasks (e.g., cleaning green spaces, planting, sorting waste), and creative expression; Collaborative learning involving educators, children, families, and the local community;  Reflective observation of children’s behaviour, engagement, and understanding throughout the project. 

This approach allowed for observing how ecological values and sustainable behaviours can be effectively cultivated from a young age through active participation and environmental interaction.

Key findings in the article include that early exposure to nature through outdoor activities fosters a stronger emotional connection between children and the environment, while preschoolers can understand and apply basic ecological principles (such as recycling, caring for plants, or respecting nature) when taught through hands-on, age-appropriate experiences. Moreover, experiential, project-based learning (like in the eTwinning “Earth friendly STEM+A” project) enhances curiosity, critical thinking, and creativity, and environmental education increases children’s sense of responsibility toward nature and promotes pro-environmental behaviour. Finally, family and community involvement strengthens the impact of ecological education, encouraging consistency between learning at school and practices at home,

The article concludes that ecological education is a vital foundation for fostering environmental awareness and responsibility from an early age. By integrating experiential and nature-based learning approaches, such as those used in the “Earth friendly STEM+A” project, preschoolers develop critical thinking, creativity, and a lasting connection to the natural world. This early engagement not only cultivates respect and care for the environment but also contributes significantly to achieving broader sustainable development goals. Therefore, embedding ecological education within early childhood curricula is essential for nurturing informed, responsible future citizens committed to environmental stewardship.